the tendency to favor one's own group quizlet the tendency to favor one's own group quizlet

0 . d. sensory cortex. Social comparison and social identity: Some prospects for intergroup behaviour. The groups are supporters of two rival political movements in Thailand and politically neutral subjects. For example, researchers have found that those who score higher on SDO are usually lower than average on tolerance, empathy, altruism, and community orientation. 2. an inclination, bent, or predisposition to something. d. ingroup bias., Kelly is a Republican and Carlos is a Democrat. Blatant bias is not a thing of the past, however. This phenomenon is known as ________. Yosef, who is of Jewish origin, joins her unit as a trainee. The tendency to see the beliefs, values, and customs of one's own culture or group as "right" or "natural" is called a. ethnicity. Social categorization and stereotyping in vivo: The VUCA challenge. You are Black, and you have difficulty recognizing the White customers who were in your store during a robbery. Her explanation for the accident provides and example of. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like social identity theory observations, Reza is a male, Muslim, and Persian. B) People naturally create mental categories. Its not that the person high in SDO wants to control what this outgroup member does; its that moving into this nice neighborhood disrupts the social hierarchy the person high in SDO believes in (i.e. Prejudice. In particular, it is unclear to what extent ingroup favoritism is driven by preferences concerning the welfare of ingroup over outgroup members, vs. beliefs about the behavior of ingroup and outgroup members. A) lack of critical thinking due to a strong desire for social harmony within a group. other-race effect: the tendency to recall faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races. Distinguish blatant biases from subtle biases. d. They have relatively high levels of serotonin and high levels of testosterone. This reaction is best explained in terms of: After the events of 9/11, some Americans began boycotting Arab-American stores and lashing out at any person they perceived as Middle Eastern. b. the bystander effect. We naturally categorize people by age, language, occupation, ethnicity, income, and many other qualities. b. the mere exposure effect. Which of the following terms refers to the tendency to view members of the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another, the theory that we explain someones behavior by crediting either the situation or the persons disposition, the tendency for observers, when analyzing anothers behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition, feelings, often influenced by our beliefs, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events, occurs when interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts, occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues, such as a speakers attractiveness, the tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request, a set of expectations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave, the theory that we act to reduce the discomfort (dissonance) we feel when two of our thoughts (cognitions) are inconsistent. At its heart, SDO rests on a fundamental belief that the world is tough and competitive with only a limited number of resources. The point is that SDOa preference for inequality as normal and naturalalso predicts endorsing the superiority of certain groups: men, native-born residents, heterosexuals, and believers in the dominant religion. This fact is consistent with the principle that ________ breeds prejudice. Mutual views often held by conflicting people, as when each side sees itself as ethical and peaceful and views the other side as evil and aggressive. . Psychology questions and answers. His increasing hostility can best be explained in terms of, In laboratory experiments, merely observing someone receive painful electric shocks leads viewers to think less of the victim. During lunch a group of computer science majors were discussing their choice of field. b. Indicate the amount of expenses (if any) the firm recognizes during the months of June, July, and August in each of the following hypothetical transactions. A specific case of comfort with the ingroup is called aversive racism, so-called because people do not like to admit their own racial biases to themselves or others (Dovidio & Gaertner, 2010). Unjustified negative action towards a member of a group because they belong to that group. A tendency to favor one's own group is called: been more racially prejudiced than others. Dispositional (Internal) Attribution Theory. Membership. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like The tendency to favor one's own cultural group over other groups is known as ., The underlying reason why stereotype threat can undermine the performance of members of a group with respect to some ability is that the experience of stereotype threat fosters ., In individualistic cultures, what is NOT one of the four beliefs . C) a perceived incompatibility of actions or goals. Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) is sometimes called the ________ gene. A) the tendency to favor members of one's own group. When four people watched them, they made 80 percent of their shots. In Juries, Lawyers Now Favor the Uninformed - The New York Times - CNBC Participants paid $1 more likely to change their beliefs about the task. The Peter Principle: What It Is and How to Overcome It - Investopedia When 12-year-old Jamilah saw an old man lying on the sidewalk, he prepared to offer help. Consequently, because of the absence of genuine feedback, Yosef is not able to progress like other trainees. ethnocentrism . What roles do the evoked set, inert set, and inept set take part in a consumer's information search? Employees were reimbursed when they presented petty cash vouchers to the petty cash custodian. Hanna overcriticizes him for minor errors. swissworld: paysages, Pregntale a otro(a) estudiante qu pide en un restaurante en las siguientes situaciones. Influence (conforming) resulting from one's willingness to accept others' opinions about reality. refers to the tendency to view the world through ones own cultural Sun Microsystems uses the accrual basis of accounting and recognizes revenue at the time it sells goods or renders services. In S. T. Fiske, D. T. Gilbert, & G. Lindzey (Eds.). Ingroup bias, or ingroup favoritism, is a bias in which people tend to favor people who exist in similar groups as them. Outgroup bias is the tendency to dislike or belittle members of groups that we don't identify with. 2. The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity. Categories get more complicated when we apply them to humans. What Is Self-Serving Bias? | Definition & Example - scribbr.com Suicide and suicidal thoughts - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic And whether you recognize this favoritism as wrong, this trade-off is relatively automatic (unintended,immediate, and irresistible). This is an especially useful way to measure potential biases because it does not simply ask people to openly report on the extent to which they discriminate against others. swissworld: saisons Comparisons of identical and fraternal twins highlight the impact of ________ on aggression. In the context of the motivational sources of prejudice, this scenario exemplifies ________. Also called the cross-race effect and the own-race bias. Ingroup bias is the tendency to favor and support individuals who belong to groups we identify with. D) the belief that victims of misfortune deserve their fate. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like modern racism, ingroup bias, been more racially prejudiced than others and more. We study in-group favouritism and out-group discrimination in a multiplayer dictator game in a naturally occuring group setting. For example, when our awareness of our attitudes and of our actions clash, we can reduce the resulting discomfort by changing our attitudes. Refusing to hire qualified job applicants because of the color of their skin is to engage in: Nestor belongs to the cross-country ski club at his college but is not a member of the downhill ski club. An example of the fundamental attribution error is illustrated in our tendency to underestimate the extent to which others' behavior is influenced by: Politicians who publicly oppose a tax increase that they privately favor best illustrate that, That actions may sometimes be inconsistent with attitudes, The impact of our actions on our attitudes is best illustrated by, The set of prescribed behaviors associated with a particular social position is best described as, Philip Zimbardo devised a simulated prison and randomly assigned college students to serve as prisoners or guards. When it comes time to categorize ice cream as good or bad, you may still categorize it as good, but you will likely be a little slowerperhaps even fractions of a second slower-- in arriving at this judgment. This best illustrates, Social loafing referes to the tendency for people to, Exert less effort when they pool their efforts toward a common goal. b. (Social) unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members. B) self-serving bias. Social facilitation refers to the tendency to, Perform well learned tasks more effectively in the presence of others, Expert pool players were observed to make 71 percent of their shots when alone. 1. Greenwald, A. G., Poehlman, T. A., Uhlmann, E. L., & Banaji, M. R. (2009). Even ordinary people, without any particular hostility, can become agents in a destructive process. The tendency to favor ones own cultural group over other groups is known as A) Expert Help. Impact. experiments were performed despite mass student protests against the research. This is not to suggest that actual older people are not competent, of course, but that they are not widely admired for their accumulated wisdom. For example, authoritarian leaders tend to allocate more national resources to members of their own tribe, religious sect, or political party. A belief that leads to its own fulfillment. Greenwald, A. G., Banaji, M. R., Rudman, L. A., Farnham, S. D., Nosek, B. Duverger's law - Wikipedia 3. a special and definite purpose in a novel or other literary work. B) become more extreme in their opinions following group discussion. Prejudice generally involves stereotyped beliefs, negative feelings, and a predisposition to discriminatory action, a generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people, unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members, Uspeople with whom we share a common identity, Themthose perceived as different or apart from our ingroup, the theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame, the tendency to recall faces of ones own race more accurately than faces of other races. What is faithful representation, and why is it important. . a. Chinese people tend to look pretty much alike. Chapter 7 Flashcards | Chegg.com The theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs. a. a dispositional attribution. Plan a vacation in Switzerland that centers around its natural landscape. Ethnocentrism is the term that denotes this kind of behavior. A unified theory of implicit attitudes, stereotypes, self-esteem, and self-concept. An unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members. In the context of distinctiveness, you are most likely to introduce your roommate to your friends as: When the British made a group of German civilians walk through a concentration camp at the close of World War II, one German responded: "What terrible criminals these prisoners must have been to receive such treatment." One student admitted that he had once considered becoming an accountant but decided against it because "accountants are all boring number crunchers without an ounce of creativity." Solved The tendency to favor an idea, person, or thing over - Chegg 33. these group categories that he fits into are his _____., an ___ is a large amount of people that perceive themselves as different from/ apart from their ingroup and more. These types of stereotypes were overt, unapologetic, and expected to be shared by otherswhat we now call blatant biases. They were generalizations about a group, since most of the college students did not interact with people from Turkey. This best illustrates that victim blaming is fueled by: The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next. a. For example, if two classes of children want to play on the same soccer field, the classes will come to dislike . d. deindividuation. At another end of the spectrum are homeless people and drug addicts, stereotyped as not having good intentions (perhaps untrustworthy) and likewise being incompetent (unable) to do anything useful. 1. b. implicit prejudice. Pages 14 Tensions between, say, a White persons own good intentions, on the one hand, and discomfort with closely interacting with a Black person, on the other hand, may cause the White person to behave stiffly or be distracted. Such a reaction will be ambiguous to both parties and difficult to interpret. In the context of the relationship between religion and racial prejudice, if one defines religiousness as . d. neural influences contribute to aggressive behavior in men but not in women. The enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through group discussion is called, Nora, Ko, Ian, and May each think that Ms. Akey may be a slightly better teacher than Mr. Schwenke. Prejudice, Discrimination, and Stereotyping, Greenwald, Banaji, Rudman, Farnham, Nosek, & Mellott, 2002, Greenwald, Poehlman, Uhlmann, & Banaji, 2009, https://onlinepsych.pepperdine.edu/blog/prejudice-discrimination-coping-skills/, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. The tendency to see the beliefs values and customs of - Course Hero a. groupthink bias b.ingroup bias c.outgroup bias d. intergroup bias According to current research of aggression, which of the following statements is. CHAPTER 12: CULTURE Multiple Choice 1. Or even ageist people who feel fond of older adults but, at the same time, view them as incompetent to support themselves and worry about the burden they place on public welfare programs. Being aware of our own tendency to fixate on the negative is also important. Unit 23. d. Catharsis. RWA respects group unity over individual preferences, wanting to maintain group values in the face of differing opinions. People are often biased against others outside of their own social group, showing prejudice (emotional bias), stereotypes (cognitive bias), and discrimination (behavioral bias). c. animals can be bred for aggressiveness. 6 facts about Americans and marijuana | Pew Research Center This way of perceiving and making . The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request. B) the tendency to overestimate the impact of personal dispositions on another's behavior. Although categorizing can be useful, it can also result in serious and negative consequences when labels are associated with a person or groups worth. chapter_12 - CHAPTER 12: CULTURE Multiple Choice 1. The tendency to a. amygdala This effect has been researched by many psychologists and linked to many theories related to group . b. there is no physiological basis for aggression in humans. Brewer, M. B., & Brown, R. J. Unfortunately, even when some countries have created legal protections, they thought that equality applied to only select groups. The principle that frustrationthe blocking of an attempt to achieve some goalcreates anger, which can generate aggression. (1974). In general, those high in SDO have a strong belief in work ethicthat hard work always pays off and leisure is a waste of time. We identify o We compare Ingroup bias o Tendency to favor ones own b. self-worth. Intergroup relations. In terms of basic social categories, the members of Nestor's cross-country ski club are the _____ and the members of the downhill ski club are the _____. Also called the cross-race effct and the own-race . bias. The tendency to recall faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races. Social identity theory (Tajfel, Billig, Bundy, & Flament, 1971) describes this tendency to favor one's own in-group over another's outgroup. She tends to overpraise his achievements in order to avoid appearing biased. As a result, outgroup disliking stems from this in-group liking (Brewer & Brown, 1998). D) the belief that victims of misfortune deserve their fate. Similarly, Ecuador guarantees the fundamental right to sexual orientation and gender identity. d. women tend to share similar attitudes about sex. What was the highest marginal tax rate for married taxpayers in 1970? (2010), since the Iraq war, Americans with a strong national identity expressed the most disdain for: People redirect their hostility when the cause of their frustration is intimidating or unknown. a. deindividuation. Individualistic culture is to independent self as collectivistic culture is to _______ self. Tendency to favor one's own ethnic group over other ethnic groups. In the context of the relationship between religion and racial prejudice, if one defines religiousness as church membership, then the more religious people have ________. The test itself is rather simple (and you can experience it yourselfhere).