The Saint's mother was of Spanish descent, and if, as there can be little doubt, race is an element in individual character, we may see in Alphonsus's Spanish blood some explanation of the enormous tenacity of purpose which distinguished him from his earliest years. [10] He tried to refuse the appointment by using his age and infirmities as arguments against his consecration. As it was traditionally associated with the zampogna, or large-format Italian bagpipe, it became known as Canzone d'i zampognari, the "Carol of the Bagpipers". Imprimatur. at last came peace, and on 1 August, 1787, as the midday Angelus was ringing, the Saint passed peacefully to his reward. To this Alphonsus by the advice of his director, Father Thomas Pagano, himself an Oratorian, agreed. Pius VI, already deeply displeased with the Neapolitan Government, took the fathers in his own dominions under his special protection, forbade all change of rule in their houses, and even withdrew them from obedience to the Neapolitan superiors, that is to St. Alphonsus, till an inquiry could be held. The impulse to this passionate service of God comes from Divine grace, but the soul must correspond (which is also a grace of God), and the soul of strong will and strong passions corresponds best. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01334a.htm. He had even tried to form a branch of the Institute by uniting twelve priests in a common life at Tarentum, but the community soon broke up. The Glories of Mary ( Italian: Le glorie di Maria) is a classic book in the field of Roman Catholic Mariology, written during the 18th century by Saint Alphonsus Liguori, a Doctor of the Church . Alphonsus was what we call a "gifted" student today. This document gives you the case." More than once he faced assassination unmoved. Although the doctors succeeded in straightening the neck a little, the Saint for the rest of his life had to drink at meals through a tube. To come to saints, the great Jesuit missionary St. Francis di Geronimo took the little Alphonsus in his arms, blessed him, and prophesied that he would do great work for God; while a Franciscan, St. John Joseph of the Cross, was well known to Alphonsus in later life. [5] He remarked later that he was so small at the time that he was almost buried in his doctor's gown and that all the spectators laughed. From the year 1759 two former benefactors of the Congregation, Baron Sarnelli and Francis Maffei, by one of those changes not uncommon in Naples, had become its bitter enemies, and waged a vendetta against it in the law courts which lasted for twenty-four years. He was crushed to the earth. He was born Alphonsus Marie Antony John Cosmos Damien Michael Gaspard de Liguori on September 27,1696, at Marianella, near Naples, Italy. Born: September 27, 1696. The poor advocate turned pale. Your gift is tax-deductible as allowed by law. In 1762 Pope Clement XIII made him bishop of Sant Agata del Goti near Naples; he resigned in 1775 because of ill health. Description [ edit] The book was written at a time when some were criticizing Marian devotions, and was written in part as a defense of Marian devotion. Three years later he published the first sketch of his "Moral Theology" in a single quarto volume called "Annotations to Busembaum", a celebrated Jesuit moral theologian. Alphonsus Liguori, Saint, b. at Marianella, near Naples, September 27, 1696; d. at Nocera de' Pagani, . Printable Catholic Saints PDFs The Fathers in the Papal States, with too precipitate zeal, in the very beginning denounced the change of Rule to Rome. One branch of the new Institute seen by Falcoia in vision was thus established. A star preacher, he called his fellow sermonizers on the carpet for sermons of "empty, rumbling rhetoric" or "flashy . Dissensions arose, the Saint's former friend and chief companion, Vincent Mannarini, opposing him and Falcoia in everything. The "Glories of Mary", "The Selva", "The True Spouse of Christ", "The Great Means of Prayer", "The Way of Salvation", "Opera Dogmatica, or History of the Council of Trent", and "Sermons for all the Sundays in the Year", are the best known. Alphonsus being so old and so inform he was eighty-five, crippled, deaf, and nearly blind his one chance of success was to be faithfully served by friends and subordinates, and he was betrayed at every turn. The eighteenth century was not an age remarkable for depth of spiritual life, yet it produced three of the greatest missionaries of the Church, St. Leonard of Port Maurice, St. Paul of the Cross, and St. Alphonsus Liguori. His father opposed the plan, but after two months (and with his Oratorian confessor's permission), he and his father compromised: he would study for the priesthood, but not as an Oratorian, and would live at home. In February, 1775, however, Pius VI was elected Pope, and the following May he permitted the Saint to resign his see. He was somewhat worldly and ambitious, at any rate for his son, and was rough tempered when opposed. Still there was a time of danger. Confident that some special sacrifice was required of him, though he did not yet know what, he did not return to his profession, but spent his days in prayer, seeking to know God's will. In fact, despite his youth, he seems at the age of twenty-seven to have been one of the leaders of the Neapolitan Bar. His very confessor and vicar general in the government of his Order, Father Andrew Villani, joined in the conspiracy. As he did not die till 1808 (his work appeared in 1799) he was a companion of the Saint for over forty years and an eyewitness of much that he relates. "[17][18], Liguori's greatest contribution to the Catholic Church was in the area of moral theology. The other was not to be long delayed. Now the saint has a very great momentum indeed, and a spoiled saint is often a great villain. Soon after this the boy began his studies for the Bar, and about the age of nineteen practised his profession in the courts. Contact information. In 1780, a crisis arose in which they did this, yet in such a way as to bring division in the Congregation and extreme suffering and disgrace upon its founder. St. Alphonsus does not offer as much directly to the student of mystical theology as do some contemplative saints who have led more retired lives. Unable to be idle, he had preached to the goatherds of the mountains with such success that Nicolas Guerriero, Bishop of Scala, begged him to return and give a retreat in his cathedral. It is remarkable that only 25 years after the Scapular vision, Blessed Pope Gregory X was buried Again, we have a friendship of thirty years with the great Venetian publishing house of Remondini, whose letters from the Saint, carefully preserved as became business men, fill a quarto volume. "The life of St. Alphonsus Maria de Liguori" (1855)John Murphy & Co., Baltimore, 1855, "Saint Alphonsus Maria de Liguori", St. Alphonsus Liguori Parish, Peterborough, Ontario, The life of St. Alphonsus Maria de Liguori, Bishop of St. Agatha of the Goths and founder of the Congregation of the Holy Redeemer, Tannoja, Antonio (d. 1808), John Murphy & Co. (1855), "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Alphonsus Liguori", "Alphonsus Maria de Liguori", Saint Alphonsus Mary de Liguori Parish, Makati City Philippines, "1st English Translation of St. Alphonsus Liguori's Moral Theology", https://www.avemarialynnfield.org/sites/g/files/zjfyce466/files/2021-01/Stations-of-the-Cross-St-Liguori.pdf, Liguori, Alphonsus. Federal Tax Identification Number: 81-0596847. Author and Publisher - Catholic Online With the aid of two laymen, Peter Barbarese, a schoolmaster, and Nardone, an old soldier, both of whom he converted from an evil life, he enrolled thousands of lazzaroni in a sort of confraternity called the "Association of the Chapels", which exists to this day. About three years before his death he went through a veritable "Night of the Soul". Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. An English translation in five volumes is included in the 22 volumes of the American centenary edition of St. Alphonsus's ascetical works (New York). In 1762 he was appointed Bishop of Sant'Agata dei Goti. Its goal was to teach and preach in the slums of cities and other poor places. Thank you. In the minutes it was Even the baleful shadow of Voltaire falls across the Saint's life, for Alphonsus wrote to congratulate him on a conversion, which alas, never took place! [5] He founded the Evening Chapels, which were managed by the young people themselves. The latest life, BERTHE, Saint Alphonse de Liguori (Paris, 1900, 2 vols. a special feature of his method was the return of the missionaries, after an interval of some months, to the scene of their labours to consolidate their work by what was called the "renewal of a mission.". At all events, it proved disastrous in the result. He remained thunderstruck for a moment; then said in a broken voice: "You are right. The differentia of saints is not faultlessness but driving-power, a driving-power exerted in generous self-sacrifice and ardent love of God. SVO), gives an extremely full and picturesque account of the Saint's life and times. In addition, he published many editions of compendiums of his larger work, such as the "Homo Apostolicus", made in 1759. Alphonsus said nothing in his "Moral Theology" which is not the common teaching of Catholic theologians. Learn interesting facts and tidbits about the beloved St. Patrick. Alphonsus returned to his little cell at Nocera in July, 1775, to prepare, as he thought, for a speedy and happy death. The saints are not inhuman but real men of flesh and blood, however much some hagiographers may ignore the fact. "What document is that?" He answered emphatically: "Never! He called his system Equiprobabilism. [4], Liguori learned to ride and fence but was never a good shot because of poor eyesight. Saint Alphonsus Maria de' Liguori, C.Ss.R. By 1777, the Saint, in addition to four houses in Naples and one in Sicily, had four others at Scifelli, Frosinone, St. Angelo a Cupolo, and Beneventum, in the States of the Church. He is credited with the position of Aequiprobabilism, which avoided Jansenist rigorism as well as laxism and simple probabilism. On 6 April, 1726, he was ordained deacon, and soon after preached his first sermon. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. The early years, following the founding of the new order, were not promising. With their aid, Aiphonsus founded the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer on November 9, 1732. Then the storm subsided, and he began to see that his humiliation had been sent him by God to break down his pride and wean him from the world. In 1762, there was no escape and he was constrained by formal obedience to the Pope to accept the Bishopric of St. Agatha of the Goths, a very small Neapolitan diocese lying a few miles off the road from Naples to Capua. On 23 October of the same year, 1723, the Saint put on the clerical dress. In 1762 he was appointed Bishop of Sant'Agata dei Goti. a fresh vision of Sister Maria Celeste seemed to show that such was the will of God. Alphonsus himself was not spared. Some persons, boasting of being free from prejudices, take great credit to themselvesfor believing no miracles but those recorded in the holy scriptures, esteeming all others. Alphonsus was not sent to school but was educated by tutors under his father's eye. Matters remained thus for some years. Blessed Clement Hofbauer joined the Redemptorist congregation in the aged Saint's lifetime, though Alphonsus never saw in the flesh the man whom he knew would be the second founder of his Order. This prayer is a petition asking for the grace to love God more, so as to fear hell and desire to do His . Under the government of the Marquis della Sambuca, who, though a great regalist, was a personal friend of the Saint's, there was promise of better times, and in August, 1779, Alphonsus's hopes were raised by the publication of a royal decree allowing him to appoint superiors in his Congregation and to have a novitiate and house of studies. Alphonsus Liguori. He was a lawyer, not only during his years at the Bar, but throughout his whole life--a lawyer, who to skilled advocacy and an enormous knowledge of practical detail added a wide and luminous hold of underlying principles. An attack of rheumatic fever, from May 1768 to June 1769, left him paralyzed. St. Alphonsus Liguori, in full Saint Alphonsus Maria de Liguori, Alphonsus also spelled Alfonso, (born September 27, 1696, Marianella, Kingdom of Naples [Italy]died August 1, 1787, Pagani; canonized 1839; feast day August 1), Italian doctor of the church, one of the chief 18th-century moral theologians, and founder of the Redemptorists, a congregation dedicated primarily to parish and foreign missions. Indeed, apart from those who become saints by the altogether special grace of martyrdom, it may be doubted if many men and women of phlegmatic temperament have been canonized. In 1950 he was named patron saint of moralists and confessors by Pope Pius XII. Alphonsus was the oldest of seven children, raised by a devout mother of Spanish descent. He spent the next few years in recasting this work, and in 1753 appeared the first volume of the "Theologia Moralis", the second volume, dedicated to Benedict XIV, following in 1755. Feast day: August 1. His devotion to the Blessed Sacrament and to Our Lady was extraordinary. He was not afraid of making up his mind. He had nearly completed his ninety-first year. The Ceremonies of the Interment.
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